In the jade collection process, people often ask such a question: the radicals and radicals of the Chinese characters are representative types, the amber is the ancient resin buried underground, and the clam is the turtle's carapace, which is not jade. Because it can be carved into furnishings or decorations like jade, the words are used next to the jade. Jade is jade, mineralogy called it jadeite, why is the glyph instead of jade?

The reason is this: Emerald was originally a bird's name. The earliest dictionary in China, Xu Shen's "Said Wen Jie Zi" explained: "Hey, Akabane also. Cui, green feather kingfisher green feathers, bright and beautiful, fascinating birds also." Zhi said: "The shape of the bird is like a swallow, red and red, green and female, and its feathers can be decorated with credit." According to this statement, the kingfisher obviously has two colors, of which the male is red. The name is ç¿¡, the female is green and the name is Cui. In ancient times, the green feathers of kingfishers were extremely expensive decorations. Later, a kind of jade produced in Myanmar was also red and green. When it was shipped to China, it was called red, and green was called green, but it was customary to have only green, also called jade.

When did the jadeite begin to appear in our country? In Zhang Hong’s "Shi Ya", there is a photo of the handle, which reads: "The Zhou Dynasty jade ware, the Shangluo people's possession." Zhang Hongyi said: "Mr. Luo Shuyun's family hides the jade shank, Yunluoyang unearthed, pattern and valley The same, broken for the relics of the Zhou Dynasty, did not know whether it really? Or Zhou Cheng Wang Shi Yue's re-translated to offer, the early Western Han Dynasty also passed through China, it is not that Zhou Han must be nothing."

清朝流行翡翠,乾隆

It can be seen from the words of Zhang Hongjun that what he said: "Is it true?" It should not be suspected that the age judged by the work is wrong, but it is more likely to doubt whether there is any jade in the Han Dynasty. So, is there any jade in the Han Dynasty?

In 1968, an emerald bronze ornament was excavated in the tomb of Jing Wang Liu Sheng in Hanzhong Mountain, Mancheng County, Hebei Province. The head of the animal is flat and light green, and there is a small piece of darker green on the tip of the nose. This jadeite may be the ornament used by Liu Shengsheng. It can be seen that during the Han Dynasty, China had already had jade. However, from the relevant literature, although there was jade in China from the Zhou Dynasty, it was still rare treasures until the end of the Ming Dynasty. The prevalence of jade products in China is a matter of the Qing Dynasty. In ancient times, the ancient jade artifacts that we can see are mostly Qing Dynasty products.

From the Qianlong period, the emperors of the Qing Dynasty loved jade. Therefore, Jade has the reputation of “Royal Jade” in the Qing Dynasty.

The Qianlong emperor's literary genre, "good ancient things", especially the love of jade, is far more than any emperor in Chinese history. According to statistics, there are more than 30,000 pieces of jade in the Forbidden City, half of which are Qianlong's system. The exquisites are all made at this time, and the Emperor Qianlong loves jade, and there are more than 50 poems in the life.

If the emerald greatly improved the status and popularity of the jade family because of the true love of the Emperor Qianlong, then the Empress Dowager Cixi was an important figure who pushed it to the peak of the jade family.

In the "Xiangxiang", there is a record: The Empress Dowager Cixi has a unique beauty method, which is to use the jade ruler to rub, roll, rub and rub on the face every day. The jade ruler is a short cylindrical jade roll made of precious jade, which was also used in the flat car used in the Qing Dynasty.

According to the data, after the death of Empress Dowager Cixi, a large number of jadeite products were buried: two emerald watermelons at the foot, worth 5 million two silver; four emerald melons, worth 6 million two silver; with a handle on the top of the emerald lotus leaf, weighing 23 two , worth 2.85 million two silver. In addition, there are 10 emerald peaches and two jade green vegetables. There is a green emerald pot on the heart of the dish. There are two yellow jade bee on the leaf, which are all vivid. This shows that Jade is in the position of Cixi.

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